Defining religion is more complicated than practicing it. Western
scholars have many stories about that. When many of them want to define the
religion as universal term, they get many critics from the other one. It
completely happens for long time and never ends till today. The definition of
religion is more complicated than its practices among them.
The problem of defining religion among the scholars arises because of two
factors: the first is from philosophical side, and the second is the limitation
of language. The first factor, they build their knowledge or science based on
the enlightenment. Enlightment is one project for using rational interpretation
and leaving religious teaching. It can be traced when many scholars proclaimed
themselves as free people, especially from religion. It does not wonder because
for long time they felt that the cause of the decadences of their civilization
is religion, especially the church. Therefore they tried to throw away all of
church teaching and changed to be more rational than before. From philosophical
side, it will give them many implications when they tried to define what
religion is. It gives them a big gap, because they made the gap first.
The second factor is the limitation of language. This problem is huge
especially recently when our era begins, what we call it as “postmodern era”.
This era concerns with the same things, the language. The postmodernists give
us frame of language lacks to define something. In other word, no language can
be determined as perfect language for determining something. The definition of
religion may be suitable for one religion or one society, but it does not
guarantee will suitable for the others. The limited language is one of the
great critics for the modernist scholars who believe in universal principle,
because it contains many hidden agenda within every term.
The Orientalism has gotten many critics. For instance, Edward said
conveyed one of the popular critics, that Orientalism is another word of
Eurocentrism. This term is more suitable for Europe people than other society and
also contains hidden agenda about colonialization. This will be more
interesting to discuss about the different understanding about religion. The
most important is that practicing religion is easier than defining it.
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